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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
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The Doppler effect has several practical, real-world applications. For instance, meteorologists use Doppler radars to interpret weather events based on the Doppler effect. Typically, a transmitter emits radio waves at a specific frequency toward the sky from a weather station. The radio waves bounce off the clouds and precipitation and travel back to the weather station. The radio frequency of the waves reflected back to the station appears to decrease if the clouds or precipitation are moving...
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The Doppler effect and Doppler shift were named after the Austrian physicist and mathematician Christian Johann Doppler in 1842, who conducted experiments with both moving sources and moving observers. Consider an observer standing on a street corner, observing an ambulance with a siren sound passing by at a constant speed. The observer experiences two characteristic changes in the sound of the siren. Initially, the sound increases in loudness as the ambulance approaches and decreases in...
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
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Published on: September 18, 2012

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Doppler optical coherence tomography.

Rainer A Leitgeb1, René M Werkmeister1, Cedric Blatter1

  • 1Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
|April 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography (DOCT) visualizes retinal blood flow, offering non-invasive angiography. This technique shows potential for diagnosing and monitoring ocular vascular diseases with high validity and reproducibility.

Keywords:
AngiographyBlood flowDoppler effectOptical Coherence TomographyPerfusionRetinal vasculature

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has significantly advanced ophthalmology since the 1990s, with continuous improvements in speed, resolution, and sensitivity.
  • Extensions of OCT, such as Doppler OCT (DOCT), have been developed to assess functional aspects like blood flow, complementing morphological imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements and applications of Doppler OCT (DOCT) in ophthalmology.
  • To highlight DOCT's capability in visualizing and quantifying retinal blood flow and its potential in non-invasive angiography.

Main Methods:

  • Phase-sensitive detection techniques are predominantly used with Fourier domain OCT to extract blood velocity and flow data.
  • Approaches to determine absolute velocity and flow data, addressing the challenge of unknown Doppler angles, are being investigated.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies demonstrate high validity and reproducibility of data obtained using DOCT.
  • Several groups have successfully published values for total retinal blood flow.
  • DOCT enables non-invasive angiography, offering advantages over traditional methods like fluorescein and indocyanine-green angiography by eliminating dye requirements and providing depth resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Doppler OCT is a promising technique for visualizing and quantifying ocular blood flow.
  • Its non-invasive nature and depth-resolving capability make it valuable for diagnosing and monitoring various ocular vascular diseases.
  • Further research is needed to determine the most effective techniques for obtaining absolute velocity and flow data.