Eye tracking as a debriefing mechanism in the simulated setting improves patient safety practices

Elizabeth A Henneman¹, Helene Cunningham, Donald L Fisher+6

• ¹Elizabeth A. Henneman, PhD, RN, is an associate professor of nursing at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her research focuses on the nurse's role in the recovery of error and the early recognition of adverse events. She has developed numerous simulation scenarios and evaluation instruments that have been used in both research and educational settings with nursing students, novice nurses, and experienced nurses. Helene Cunningham, MS, RN, is a clinical assistant professor of nursing at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and serves as the director of the state-of-the-art Nursing Clinical Simulation Laboratory on Amherst's campus. She is an expert in training nurse educators, staff nurses, and students in using simulation technology. Donald L. Fisher, PhD, is the department head and professor of mechanical and industrial engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. His research is directed at uncovering why human operators make errors in high-stress environments and evaluating existing interfaces designed both to reduce errors and to the performance of human operators. Karen Plotkin, PhD, RN, is a clinical assistant professor of nursing at the University of Massachusetts. She has expertise in the development and evaluation of simulation scenarios for undergraduate nursing students. Brian H. Nathanson, PhD, is the cofounder and chief executive officer of OptiStatim, LLC. His research focuses on critical care medicine, sepsis, benchmarking, and patient safety. Joan P. Roche, PhD, RN, GCNS-BC, is an associate clinical professor of nursing at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her program of research is focused on the relationship between the healthcare system and patient outcomes. She is also involved in studies examining the use of human patient simulation in nursing education. Jenna L. Marquard, PhD, is an associate professor of industrial engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her research interests include developing beha