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Primed Mycobacterial Uveitis PMU as a Model for Post-Infectious Uveitis
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Sarcoidosis and uveitis.

Yvan Jamilloux1, Laurent Kodjikian2, Christiane Broussolle1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital de la Croix-Rousse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|April 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Uveitis is a common early sign of sarcoidosis, often affecting the eyes. Early diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are crucial for managing this sight-threatening condition.

Keywords:
Anti-TNFαFDG-PETOcular sarcoidosisSarcoidosisUveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Uveitis frequently presents as an early manifestation of sarcoidosis, occurring in 20-50% of cases.
  • Ocular sarcoidosis can lead to significant vision impairment, particularly through cystoid macular edema and occlusive vasculitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the typical presentation, diagnosis, and management of uveitis associated with sarcoidosis.
  • To highlight the importance of established diagnostic criteria and emerging treatment modalities for ocular sarcoidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic standards, and therapeutic strategies for sarcoid uveitis.
  • Discussion of histopathologic diagnosis, international workshop criteria, and novel imaging techniques.

Main Results:

  • Typical ocular findings include mutton-fat keratic precipitates, iris nodules, and anterior/posterior synechiae.
  • Cystoid macular edema is a major sight-threatening complication.
  • Corticosteroids are the primary treatment, with systemic agents and immunosuppressants (methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil) used for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular sarcoidosis requires prompt diagnosis and management to prevent vision loss.
  • Established diagnostic criteria aid in cases where biopsy is not feasible.
  • Biologics like infliximab and adalimumab show promise for refractory or severe cases.