Quality of life and disparities among long-term cervical cancer survivors

Little population-based research has been done on social, economic, and environmental factors affecting quality of life (QOL) among long-term cancer survivors. This research assesses the impact of disease and nondisease factors on QOL among long-term survivors of cervical cancer.

In a collaborative, observational study, data were obtained from cancer registries, interviews, and self-administered questionnaires. Comparisons of QOL were made between women with cervical cancer histories and women from the general population. A total of 715 women 4-28 years postdiagnosis were identified from cancer registries in Connecticut (N = 208), Detroit Metropolitan Area (N = 211), New Mexico (N = 197), and Hawaii (N = 99). QOL was measured according to four SF-36 dimensions-physical functioning, social functioning, bodily pain, and general health status.

Means on SF-36 measures among women with cervical cancer histories were close to or higher than women in the general population. In a multiple regression analysis, economic disadvantage negatively predicted physical functioning (B = -13.4, SE = 2.1), social functioning (B = -13.2, SE = 2.4), bodily pain (B = -12.6, SE = 2.5), and general health (B = -12.8, SE = 2.1). Residence in New Mexico negatively predicted several QOL dimensions. No impact of race was detected when income was controlled. Disease stage did not predict QOL.

Cervical cancer does not generally reduce QOL among long-term survivors. Economic disadvantage and residential location affect QOL through mechanisms yet to be determined.

Women diagnosed with cervical cancer have good prospects for high quality of life; socioeconomic status strongly affects quality of life over the long term.