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Octocoral tissue provides protection from declining oceanic pH.

Yasmin Gabay1, Maoz Fine2, Zahava Barkay3

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Octocoral tissue protects their skeletons from damage caused by increased ocean acidity (pCO2). This resilience may give octocorals an advantage over other reef-building organisms in future ocean conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Oceanography
  • Coral Reef Ecology

Background:

  • Rising anthropogenic carbon dioxide (pCO2) alters seawater chemistry, impacting marine calcifiers.
  • Ocean acidification poses a threat to coral reef structures by potentially reducing calcification and causing skeleton dissolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of decreased pH on the microstructural integrity of octocoral sclerites.
  • To compare the vulnerability of in hospite (tissue-protected) versus isolated sclerites of Ovabunda macrospiculata to acidic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Exposed colonies and isolated sclerites of Ovabunda macrospiculata to normal (pH 8.2) and reduced (pH 7.6, 7.3) conditions for 42 days.
  • Utilized Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) to analyze microstructural changes.

Main Results:

  • No microstructural changes were observed in sclerites protected by octocoral tissue (in hospite).
  • Isolated sclerites exhibited significant dissolution damage when exposed to reduced pH levels.
  • Octocoral tissue appears to provide a protective barrier against ocean acidification effects.

Conclusions:

  • Octocoral soft tissues play a crucial role in shielding their skeletons from the detrimental effects of ocean acidification.
  • Octocorals may possess a competitive advantage over less resilient calcifiers in high-pCO2 environments.
  • Findings highlight the importance of tissue-skeleton interactions in coral resilience to climate change.