Larynx
The Effect of Aging on Tissues
The Hyoid Bone
Pharynx
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
Trachea
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: May 1, 2026

Subcutaneous Neurotrophin 4 Infusion Using Osmotic Pumps or Direct Muscular Injection Enhances Aging Rat Laryngeal Muscles
Published on: June 13, 2017
E Crosetti1, P Garofalo2, C Bosio3
1ENT Dept., Martini Hospital, Torino, Italy;
Open partial laryngectomy (HOPL) can impair laryngeal function, but long-term outcomes show manageable dysphagia and dysphonia. Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is more common early post-surgery and decreases over time.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: