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Updated: May 1, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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Maximal testosterone suppression in prostate cancer--free vs total testosterone

Kyle O Rove1, E David Crawford1, Massimo Perachino2

  • 1Division of Urology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.

Urology
|April 10, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Free testosterone may be a better indicator of prostate cancer tissue androgen levels than total testosterone. Further research is needed to explore free testosterone

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Testosterone is a key target in advanced prostate cancer treatment.
  • The role of free testosterone in prostate cancer outcomes is under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on total and free testosterone in prostate cancer.
  • To discuss the free hormone hypothesis.
  • To identify future therapeutic avenues.

Main Methods:

  • A consensus of prostate cancer experts was convened in 2013.
  • Review of existing literature and expert discussion.

Main Results:

  • Free testosterone may more accurately reflect prostate cancer tissue androgen levels compared to serum total testosterone.
  • The free hormone hypothesis warrants further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Free testosterone requires additional research to understand its relationship with clinical outcomes in prostate cancer.
  • Exploring free testosterone could lead to novel therapeutic strategies.

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