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Effects of the SAFE Children preventive intervention on developmental trajectories of attention-deficit/hyperactivity

Patrick J Fowler1, David B Henry2, Michael Schoeny3

  • 1Washington University in St. Louis.

Development and Psychopathology
|April 10, 2014
PubMed

Insights

A family-based intervention improved early attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in at-risk children. However, a later booster intervention did not enhance these preventive effects over five years.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry
  • Preventive Interventions

Background:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder impacting children's academic and social functioning.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for mitigating the long-term effects of ADHD symptoms.
  • Family-based approaches show promise in addressing the complex needs of children at risk for ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a family-based preventive intervention (SAFE Children) in altering the developmental trajectory of ADHD symptoms in first-grade children.
  • To assess the impact of a booster intervention in fourth grade on sustained preventive effects.
  • To identify distinct developmental pathways of ADHD symptoms in an inner-city population.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 424 families with children entering first grade.
  • Intervention group received the Schools and Families Educating Children (SAFE) Children program, combining family prevention and academic tutoring.
  • Growth mixture modeling was used to analyze longitudinal parent and teacher reports of ADHD symptoms over five years.

Main Results:

  • The initial SAFE Children intervention positively influenced developmental trajectories for impulsivity and hyperactivity.
  • This suggests potential for ADHD prevention in at-risk youth through early, comprehensive interventions.
  • A booster intervention in fourth grade did not yield additional benefits on ADHD symptom trajectories or indicators.

Conclusions:

  • Early family-based interventions can positively impact the developmental course of ADHD symptoms in young children.
  • The findings highlight the potential for preventive strategies in addressing ADHD in underserved populations.
  • Further research is needed to optimize the timing and components of booster interventions for sustained effects.

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