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Corticosteroid signaling in frog metamorphosis.

Saurabh S Kulkarni1, Daniel R Buchholz2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.

General and Comparative Endocrinology
|April 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Early life stress impacts long-term health via altered stress physiology. Corticosteroid hormones and thyroid hormone interact to regulate amphibian metamorphosis, but specific endogenous players remain unclear.

Keywords:
AldosteroneCorticosteroneDevelopmental endocrinologyFrog metamorphosisGlucocorticoid receptorMineralocorticoid receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Early life stress can have lasting effects on health and fitness.
  • Amphibian metamorphosis is a key model for studying hormone-driven development.
  • Thyroid hormone (TH) initiates metamorphosis, but other hormones are crucial for completion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of corticosteroid hormones (CSs) in amphibian metamorphosis.
  • To identify the specific endogenous CSs and receptors involved in regulating metamorphic development.
  • To understand the interplay between CSs and TH in gene regulation during metamorphosis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized amphibian metamorphosis as a model system.
  • Examined the effects of stressors and CS treatments on metamorphic timing.
  • Investigated the synergistic, antagonistic, and independent effects of TH and CSs on gene regulation.

Main Results:

  • CSs influence the timing of metamorphic changes, with effects varying by developmental stage.
  • TH and CSs exhibit complex interactions, including synergistic, antagonistic, and independent effects on gene regulation.
  • Corticosterone and aldosterone levels peak at metamorphic climax, with broad expression of their receptors.

Conclusions:

  • The precise endogenous corticosteroid hormones and receptors regulating metamorphosis are not yet fully identified.
  • Current data suggest overlapping functions for the two CSs and their receptors in metamorphosis, working in concert with TH.
  • Identifying these endogenous players is essential for understanding corticosteroid action in development and environmental contexts.