Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 1, 2026
12:26
Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
Published on: May 3, 2018
18.3K
Functional aspects of extracellular cyclophilins.
Biological Chemistry
|April 10, 2014
Summary
Extracellular cyclophilins, such as CypA and CypB, mediate cell communication and inflammation. Inhibiting these secreted proteins may offer new treatments for inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Cyclophilins are peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases with intracellular and extracellular roles.
- Extracellular cyclophilins (CypA, CypB) influence cell-cell communication and inflammatory signaling.
- Elevated cyclophilin levels in tissues indicate an inflammatory response to injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of extracellular cyclophilins in inflammatory processes.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting extracellular cyclophilins in inflammatory diseases.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of cyclophilin secretion and function.
- Investigation of cyclophilin interactions with cell surface receptors (CD147, heparans).
- Assessment of cyclophilin involvement in intracellular signaling cascades.
Main Results:
- Extracellular cyclophilins bind to CD147 and heparan receptors, triggering inflammatory signaling.
- Increased cyclophilin levels correlate with inflammatory conditions.
- Extracellular cyclophilins are implicated in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, asthma, and cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusions:
- Extracellular cyclophilins play a significant role in mediating inflammatory responses.
- Targeting extracellular cyclophilins presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing inflammatory diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Cytoskeletal Accessory Proteins
3.1K
The cytoskeleton is an essential cell component that plays several structural and functional roles. However, the filaments that make up the cytoskeleton cannot function independently and depend on the accessory or ancillary proteins to effectively carry out their function. Accessory proteins associate with cytoskeletal filaments and their monomers, aiding filament formation and function. They also help in the cross-communication among cytoskeletal filaments. Cytoskeletal accessory proteins are...
3.1K
01:12Adaptability of Cytoskeletal Filaments
5.7K
The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic structure performing varied functions based on cellular requirements. The adaptability of the individual filaments in the cytoskeleton determines their ability to perform various functions within the cell. It can undergo rapid reorganization during processes like cell division or remain stable for several hours as in the interphase. The adaptability of these filaments depends on stringent regulatory mechanisms. The microfilament and microtubules of the...
5.7K
01:24Cytoplasm
6.8K
The cytoplasm consists of organelles and a framework of protein scaffolds called the cytoskeleton suspended in an aqueous solution, the cytosol. The cytosol is a rich broth of water, ions, salts, and various organic molecules.
Protein Folding and Misfolding
The cytoplasm is the location for several cellular processes, including protein synthesis and folding. The aqueous nature of the cytosol promotes protein folding such that the hydrophobic amino acid side chains are buried in the protein...
Protein Folding and Misfolding
The cytoplasm is the location for several cellular processes, including protein synthesis and folding. The aqueous nature of the cytosol promotes protein folding such that the hydrophobic amino acid side chains are buried in the protein...
6.8K
01:16Cytoplasm
66.3K
The cytoplasm consists of organelles and a framework of protein scaffolds called the cytoskeleton suspended in an aqueous solution, the cytosol. The cytosol is a rich broth of water, ions, salts, and various organic molecules.
Protein Folding and Misfolding
The cytoplasm is the location for several cellular processes, including protein synthesis and folding. The aqueous nature of the cytosol promotes protein folding such that the hydrophobic amino acid side chains are buried in the protein...
Protein Folding and Misfolding
The cytoplasm is the location for several cellular processes, including protein synthesis and folding. The aqueous nature of the cytosol promotes protein folding such that the hydrophobic amino acid side chains are buried in the protein...
66.3K
01:29Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria
3.5K
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
3.5K
01:37Eukaryotic Compartmentalization
13.9K
One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal...
For example, lysosomes in the animal...
13.9K