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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives01:22

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Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This...
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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

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Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
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Lower GI Series: Barium Enema01:23

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A Barium Enema, or a lower GI series, is a specialized radiographic examination designed to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, specifically the colon and rectum. This procedure is instrumental in diagnosing various conditions such as colorectal cancer, polyps, diverticulosis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupoint Massage for Treating Constipation in a Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Constipation: take it seriously.

Uzma Faruqi1, Joanna Lynch, Glen Husada

  • 1Croydon University Hospital, London, UK.

BMJ Case Reports
|April 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A young, healthy woman experienced a large bowel obstruction due to a rectosigmoid tumor. Early surgical intervention was necessary, highlighting the importance of considering malignancy in young patients with persistent bowel habit changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • A young, healthy female presented with acute large bowel obstruction.
  • Her symptoms progressed over time and were initially managed with laxatives in the community.
  • A family history of breast cancer in an identical triplet raised concerns for potential genetic predisposition.

Observation:

  • The patient presented with a rectosigmoid tumor causing a large bowel obstruction.
  • An emergency Hartman's procedure was performed due to the high risk of perforation.
  • The patient recovered well and was discharged within a week.

Findings:

  • Histological examination confirmed adenocarcinoma, Dukes' Stage C.
  • The case highlights a rare presentation of colorectal cancer in a young, otherwise healthy individual.
  • Genetic associations and family history of malignancy were considered.

Implications:

  • This case prompts discussion on the criteria for referring young patients with persistent changes in bowel habits, even without typical red flag symptoms.
  • It underscores the importance of considering malignancy in younger demographics presenting with gastrointestinal issues.
  • Further investigation into genetic predispositions for colorectal cancer in young patients may be warranted.