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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Quantum optical switches are crucial for quantum circuits and networks.
  • Current limitations hinder applications like quantum communication and processing.
  • Atomic control of light is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To realize a quantum optical switch using strong atom-photon coupling.
  • To demonstrate single-atom control over photon phase and vice versa.
  • To enable novel quantum functionalities for future quantum technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Strongly coupling a single photon to a single atom.
  • Trapping the atom in the near field of a nanoscale photonic crystal cavity.
  • Experimentally demonstrating nonlinear optical phase shifts and photon routing.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an atom-induced optical phase shift nonlinear at the two-photon level.
  • Demonstrated a photon number router separating single photons and photon pairs.
  • Implemented a single-photon switch controlled by a 'gate' photon.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system acts as a fundamental building block for quantum nanophotonic networks.
  • These techniques facilitate integrated quantum networks with multiple atomic nodes.
  • The research opens avenues for advanced quantum communication and computation.