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The link between rhinitis and rapid-eye-movement sleep breathing disturbances in children with obstructive sleep

Shehlanoor Huseni1, Maria J Gutierrez, Carlos E Rodriguez-Martinez

  • 1Divivsion of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington D.C., USA.

American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy
|April 11, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Rhinitis is common in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). While overall OSA severity isn't worsened, rhinitis is linked to more breathing issues during REM sleep in these children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Rhinitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) frequently co-occur in children.
  • Nasal congestion during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep suggests a potential link between rhinitis and breathing abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between rhinitis and OSA severity in children.
  • To analyze polysomnogram (PSG) features, particularly obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) during REM and non-REM sleep, in children with and without rhinitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 145 children diagnosed with OSA via PSG.
  • Comparison of OAHI during REM and non-REM sleep between children with and without rhinitis.
  • Multivariable linear models to assess the joint effects of rhinitis and OSA parameters.

Main Results:

  • Rhinitis was present in 43% of children with OSA.
  • Overall OAHI severity was not significantly affected by rhinitis.
  • Children with moderate-to-severe OSA and rhinitis showed significantly increased OAHI during REM sleep compared to those with OSA alone.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinitis is highly prevalent in pediatric OSA cases.
  • Children with rhinitis and OSA exhibit a distinct phenotype with increased REM-related breathing abnormalities, despite similar overall OSA severity.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the interplay between REM sleep, nasal physiology, and rhinitis in pediatric OSA.
Abstract

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