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Dickeya aquatica sp. nov., isolated from waterways.

Neil Parkinson1, Paul DeVos2, Minna Pirhonen3

  • 1Food and Environment Research Agency (Fera), Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
|April 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary

New pectinolytic Gram-negative bacteria were discovered in UK and Finnish waterways. These strains represent a novel species, Dickeya aquatica, distinct from known Dickeya species.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Taxonomy

Background:

  • Pectinolytic Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from waterways in the UK and Finland.
  • Three strains, 174/2(T), 181/2, and Dw054, exhibited high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (99%) to the genus Dickeya.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify novel pectinolytic Gram-negative bacteria isolated from aquatic environments.
  • To determine the taxonomic position of the isolated strains within the genus Dickeya.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.
  • Fatty acid profile analysis.
  • Concatenated phylogeny using six housekeeping genes (recA, gapA, atpD, gyrB, infB, rpoB).
  • DNA-DNA hybridization.
  • Phenotypic characterization including fermentation tests.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the strains belong to the genus Dickeya.
  • Fatty acid profiles closely matched Dickeya chrysanthemi.
  • High-resolution phylogeny and DNA-DNA hybridization supported the distinctiveness of strains 174/2(T) and 181/2.
  • Phenotypic tests differentiated the strains by their ability to ferment melibiose and raffinose, but not D-arabinose or mannitol.

Conclusions:

  • The isolated strains represent a novel species, Dickeya aquatica sp. nov.
  • The type strain is 174/2(T) (NCPPB 4580(T) = LMG 27354(T)).
  • This discovery expands the known diversity within the Dickeya genus.