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"Plateau"-related summary statistics are uninformative for comparing working memory models.

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Summary statistics used to compare visual working memory models are unreliable. Raw data analysis strongly favors slotless models, questioning previous claims based on summary statistics.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Visual working memory capacity is limited, with performance decreasing as more items are stored.
  • A debate exists between slot models and slotless models explaining this capacity limit.
  • Previous research suggested summary statistics of "memory noise" plateau favored slot models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the validity of summary statistics for comparing slot and slotless models of visual working memory.
  • To determine the reliability of plateau-related summary statistics in model comparison.

Main Methods:

  • Generated synthetic data from established slot and slotless models.
  • Quantified model evidence using log Bayes factors.
  • Performed model recovery analysis using both summary statistics and raw data.

Main Results:

  • Summary statistics provided minimal model evidence (<0.15%) compared to raw data.
  • Model recovery required over a million trials with summary statistics versus under 1,000 with raw data.
  • Analysis of subject data favored the slotless model, contradicting previous conclusions.

Conclusions:

  • Plateau-related summary statistics are unreliable for comparing visual working memory models at realistic trial numbers.
  • Previous claims about working memory based on these summary statistics may be unfounded.
  • Raw data analysis provides stronger evidence, favoring slotless models.