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Related Concept Videos

B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
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The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity

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Differences in mouse and human nonmemory B cell pools.

Abigail Benitez1, Abby J Weldon, Lynnette Tatosyan

  • 1Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350;

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|April 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparing B cell subsets in mice and humans reveals key differences in immune development. Transitional B cells are less abundant in adult humans, but produce more mature cells, suggesting distinct immune system maturation processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Comparative immunology
  • B cell biology

Background:

  • Understanding cross-species immune development is vital for animal model translation.
  • CD21 and CD24 coexpression identifies B cell subsets in mice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Validate CD21/CD24 markers for human B cell subsets.
  • Compare nonmemory B cell pools in mice and humans across tissues and life stages.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized CD21/CD24 coexpression to identify B cell subsets in humans.
  • Compared B cell populations in bone marrow, blood, and spleen of mice and humans.
  • Validated human B cell subset identities using specific markers.

Main Results:

  • The CD21/CD24 schema identified analogous transitional (T1, T2), follicular mature, and marginal zone B cell subsets in humans and mice.
  • Adult humans have a smaller fraction of transitional B cells compared to mice.
  • The spleen of adult humans shows a higher proportion of T2 cells relative to T1 cells compared to mice.
  • Human transitional B cells yield more naive follicular mature cells per cell than mouse transitional B cells.

Conclusions:

  • CD21/CD24 markers effectively identify analogous B cell subsets across mice and humans.
  • Significant differences exist in the composition and dynamics of nonmemory B cell compartments between mice and humans.
  • These findings suggest divergent mechanisms govern B cell pool generation in mice and humans.