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Infant wheeze, comorbidities and school age asthma.
Asa Neuman1, Anna Bergström, Per Gustafsson
1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Summary
Infant wheeze increases the risk of developing childhood asthma. Key risk factors for asthma at age 8 include allergic heredity, severe wheezing, infant eczema, and abdominal pain.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
- Allergy and Immunology
Background:
- Early childhood wheeze is common, but predicting which infants will develop asthma by school age remains challenging.
- Understanding long-term outcomes for infant wheezers is crucial for early intervention and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical risk factors predicting the development of asthma at age 8 in children who experienced wheezing during infancy.
- To analyze a population-based birth cohort to determine predictors of persistent asthma.
Main Methods:
- Prospective follow-up of 3,251 children from infancy to age 8.
- Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify significant risk factors.
Main Results:
- Infant wheezers had a nearly fourfold increased risk of asthma at age 8 (aOR 3.68).
- Independent risk factors for school-age asthma in wheezing infants included allergic heredity (aOR 1.53), increased wheeze frequency (aOR 3.41), infant eczema (aOR 2.31), and recurrent abdominal pain (aOR 2.33).
- Children with three or four identified risk factors showed a 38% prevalence of asthma at age 8.
Conclusions:
- Allergic heredity, wheeze severity, infant eczema, and recurrent abdominal pain are significant predictors of asthma at age 8 among children with a history of infant wheeze.
- These findings highlight specific clinical markers for identifying high-risk infants who may develop persistent asthma.
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