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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

51
Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
51
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

47
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
47
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

44
Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
44
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

86
A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or...
86
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

29
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
29
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

4.4K
The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
4.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction
07:33

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

Published on: March 5, 2018

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Supra-vesical hernia presenting as intestinal obstruction.

H Jerraya1, H Zenaïdi1, C Dziri1

  • 1Service de chirurgie B, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, boulevard du 9-Avril, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia.

Journal of Visceral Surgery
|April 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Supra-vesical hernia, a rare internal hernia, frequently causes bowel obstruction. Advances in computed tomography improve pre-operative diagnosis of this condition.

Keywords:
Computed tomographyInternal herniaIntestinal obstructionSupra-vesical herniaSurgery

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Internal hernias are uncommon causes of bowel obstruction.
  • Supra-vesical hernia is a rare subtype, located above the bladder.

Observation:

  • Supra-vesical hernias often manifest clinically as intestinal obstruction.
  • Pre-operative diagnosis is becoming more common.

Findings:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is increasingly utilized for diagnosing intestinal obstruction.
  • CT facilitates the pre-operative identification of rare internal hernias like supra-vesical ones.

Implications:

  • Improved pre-operative diagnosis can lead to timely surgical intervention.
  • Enhanced understanding of rare hernias aids in surgical planning and patient outcomes.