Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

820
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
820
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

1.0K
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
1.0K
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

927
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
927
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

1.2K
Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
1.2K
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

1.1K
Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
1.1K
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

1.1K
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prediction of the Postoperative Outcome in Liver Resection Using Perioperative Serum Lactate Levels.

Journal of clinical medicine·2023
Same author

Hormonal Blood Pressure Regulationduring General Anesthesia Usinga Standardized Propofol Dosagein Children and Adolescents SeemsNot to Be Affected by Body Weight.

Journal of clinical medicine·2020
Same author

[Current Treatment of Esophageal Atresia with Tracheoesophageal Fistula - Updated Guidelines of the German Society of Pediatric Surgery].

Klinische Padiatrie·2020
Same author

Safe pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia by anesthesiologists for elective procedures: A clinical practice statement from the European Society for Paediatric Anaesthesiology.

Paediatric anaesthesia·2019
Same author

[Drama in the Recovery Unit: Paediatric Emergence Delirium].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2018
Same author

Choosing Wisely in pediatric anesthesia: An interpretation from the German Scientific Working Group of Paediatric Anaesthesia (WAKKA).

Paediatric anaesthesia·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
09:47

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.3K

Postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric anesthesia.

Claudia Höhne1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|April 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Effective strategies for pediatric postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) involve tailored prophylaxis based on risk. Dexamethasone and 5-HT3 antagonists are preferred over droperidol due to safety concerns.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
09:47

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication in children.
  • Effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies are essential for managing pediatric PONV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and recommend evidence-based strategies for preventing and treating PONV in pediatric patients.
  • To adapt PONV prophylaxis based on individual patient risk factors and surgical procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing guidelines and data on PONV management in children aged 3 years and older.
  • Risk stratification based on factors like surgery duration, inpatient status, surgical type, and patient history of PONV.

Main Results:

  • Avoidance of nitrous oxide, volatile anesthetics, and reduced postoperative opioids can decrease PONV.
  • Combinations of dexamethasone and 5-HT3 antagonists are highly effective prophylactic agents.
  • Risk-adjusted prophylaxis (single, double, or triple therapy) is recommended based on patient and procedure factors.

Conclusions:

  • Dexamethasone and 5-HT3 antagonists are preferred prophylactic drugs for pediatric PONV.
  • Tailored prophylaxis strategies are recommended for outpatients and inpatients based on risk assessment.
  • Dimenhydrinate is a second-choice option, while droperidol and metoclopramide are reserved for rescue therapy.