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Psychiatric resilience: longitudinal twin study.

Ananda B Amstadter1, John M Myers1, Kenneth S Kendler1

  • 1Ananda B. Amstadter, PhD, John M. Myers, MS, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; Kenneth S. Kendler, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, and Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.

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Psychiatric resilience, or the ability to cope with stress, is influenced by both genetics and environment. These factors are largely stable over time, with environmental influences having an enduring impact.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Individual differences in response to stressful life events remain poorly understood.
  • Investigating the interplay of genetic and environmental factors is crucial for understanding resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the genetic and environmental factors contributing to psychiatric resilience.
  • To quantify the heritability and environmental influences on resilience to stressful life events.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized twin modeling with data from 7500 adult twins assessed at two time points.
  • Measured stressful life event exposure and internalizing symptoms.
  • Calculated resilience as the residual between actual and predicted internalizing symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Resilience demonstrated moderate genetic heritability (~31%) at each assessment wave.
  • Accounting for measurement error increased estimated heritability for resilience to ~50%.
  • Environmental influences contributed approximately equally to resilience levels when measurement error and occasion-specific effects were removed.

Conclusions:

  • Both genetic and environmental factors significantly influence psychiatric resilience.
  • These influences are generally stable across time.
  • Environmental factors can exert a lasting effect on an individual's resilience.