Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
14:19

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Published on: June 29, 2013

27.4K

Intrauterine growth restriction - a population-based study of the association with academic performance and

Kirsten Kierulf Strømme1, Petter Strømme, Espen Bjertness

  • 1Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine and Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|April 15, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Small for gestational age (SGA) infants showed no increased risk for psychiatric issues. However, SGA girls experienced minor academic setbacks in late teens, unlike SGA boys.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can lead to infants being small for gestational age (SGA).
  • The long-term effects of SGA on psychiatric health and academic performance in adolescence require further investigation.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for identifying at-risk individuals and implementing timely interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if infants born small for gestational age (SGA) face a higher risk of psychiatric problems in late adolescence.
  • To assess the association between SGA status and academic impairment among teenagers.
  • To explore potential gender-specific differences in these outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study linked 10th-grade students in Oslo (2001-2004, n=2131) with fetal growth data.
  • Small for gestational age (SGA) was defined as the lowest 2.5th, 5th, or 10th percentile; appropriate for gestational age (AGA) was the highest 90th percentile.
  • Mental health was assessed using standardized questionnaires, and academic achievements/ambitions were self-reported.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in psychiatric problem prevalence was found between SGA and AGA groups.
  • SGA girls demonstrated poorer academic performance in English, mathematics, and social science compared to AGA girls.
  • These academic disparities were not observed in boys, and no link was found between SGA and psychiatric issues in either gender.

Conclusions:

  • Small for gestational age (SGA) has a minor negative impact on adolescent girls' academic achievement, but not boys'.
  • No association exists between being small for gestational age (SGA) and psychiatric problems in either gender.
  • Findings suggest specific vulnerabilities for academic performance in adolescent girls affected by SGA.
Abstract

Keywords:
Academic performanceAdolescenceIntrauterine growth restrictionMental healthSmall for gestational age

More Related Videos

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

10.1K
Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development05:44

Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development

Published on: May 17, 2024

1.2K

Related Concept Videos

Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
Environmental Influences on Intelligence01:29

Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
1.2K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.4K
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
19.4K
Biological Influences on Intelligence01:30

Biological Influences on Intelligence

Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
734
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
11.7K