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A theoretical perspective on running-related injuries.
Jodi Lynn Gallant1, Michael Raymond Pierrynowski
1School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association
|April 15, 2014
Summary
The cause of running injuries is debated. One theory blames impact forces, while another suggests modern running shoes create poor running form, leading to injury.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Sports Medicine
- Running Science
Background:
- Running-related injuries (RRIs) have an unknown etiology.
- Conventional theories link RRIs to high impact forces and abnormal subtalar joint motion.
- Modern running shoe design (cushioning, support, motion control) is based on this theory.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore two competing theories on the etiology of running-related injuries.
- To critically evaluate the role of modern running shoes versus barefoot/minimalist running in injury prevention.
- To highlight the need for rigorous research to determine the true cause of running injuries.
Main Methods:
- This study presents a theoretical review and discussion.
- It contrasts the conventional impact-force theory with an emerging theory implicating modern running shoes.
- It calls for future research to rigorously test both hypotheses.
Main Results:
- The conventional theory informs current running shoe design.
- An emerging theory proposes that modern running shoes induce maladaptive running styles, causing injuries.
- This alternative paradigm suggests transitioning to barefoot or minimalist running.
Conclusions:
- The etiology of running-related injuries remains undetermined.
- Further research is essential to validate or refute the competing theories.
- Establishing the cause of RRIs will enable evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies.
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