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Related Experiment Video

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Structural changes in the temporal lobe and piriform cortex in frontal lobe epilepsy.

M Centeno1, C Vollmar2, J Stretton3

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, NSE MRI Unit, National Society for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter SL9 0RJ, UK; Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.

Epilepsy Research
|April 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Structural abnormalities in the piriform cortex and related areas are common in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). These findings suggest these brain regions are integral to the epileptogenic network in focal epilepsies.

Keywords:
Frontal lobe epilepsyMRIPiriform cortexVoxel based morphometry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Cortico-subcortical circuits are implicated in seizure generation and spread in epilepsy.
  • Previous research identified the piriform cortex as a common area in focal epilepsies.
  • This study investigates structural abnormalities in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common structural abnormalities in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE).
  • To explore the role of specific brain regions in the epileptogenic network of FLE.

Main Methods:

  • Voxel-based morphometry analysis of T1-weighted MRI scans.
  • Comparison of grey matter volume between 43 FLE patients and 25 healthy controls.
  • Correlation analysis with epilepsy onset age, duration, and seizure frequency.

Main Results:

  • Increased grey matter volume detected in the piriform cortex, amygdala, and parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally, and left mid temporal gyrus in FLE patients.
  • No correlation found between grey matter volume differences and clinical variables (age at onset, duration, seizure frequency).
  • No common areas of atrophy were identified in the FLE group.

Conclusions:

  • Structural abnormalities in the piriform cortex and adjacent areas support their involvement in the epileptogenic network of focal epilepsies.
  • The observed abnormalities are unlikely to be a consequence of seizure activity, as they did not correlate with epilepsy duration or age of onset.