Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

199
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
199
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

88
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
88
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

59
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
59
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

102
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
102
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

175
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
175
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

25
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
25

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

CLEC5A/TLR2 bispecific antibody suppresses dengue virus-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines production from macrophages.

Journal of biomedical science·2026
Same author

Structural and functional mapping of protective human monoclonal antibodies against enterovirus A71.

Science advances·2026
Same author

HLA-C-derived peptide MH-1 as an early-stage intervention against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

COVID-19 vaccination induces cross-reactive dengue virus antibodies with altered isotype profiles and <i>in vitro</i> antibody-dependent enhancement.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Moringin as a Lead Compound for Anti-Enteroviruses and Coronaviruses Broad-Spectrum Inhibition of Viral Proteases: Comparative Evaluation With Glucomoringin and Antiviral Agents.

Journal of medical virology·2025
Same author

Intensive reassortment and frequent intercontinental transmission revealed by long-term genetic analysis of H10 avian influenza viruses in Taiwan.

Emerging microbes & infections·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay
11:09

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay

Published on: September 11, 2016

10.5K

Update on enterovirus 71 infection.

Peng-Nien Huang1, Shin-Ru Shih2

  • 1Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC.

Current Opinion in Virology
|April 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human enterovirus type 71 (EV71) causes severe encephalitis in children. Research is needed to understand EV71 virulence factors and develop antiviral treatments and vaccines against this emerging threat.

More Related Videos

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR
12:32

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

Published on: January 16, 2016

13.8K
EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. I. Collection of Virus Samples
10:48

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. I. Collection of Virus Samples

Published on: March 28, 2015

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay
11:09

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay

Published on: September 11, 2016

10.5K
EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR
12:32

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

Published on: January 16, 2016

13.8K
EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. I. Collection of Virus Samples
10:48

EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. I. Collection of Virus Samples

Published on: March 28, 2015

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Human enterovirus type 71 (EV71) is a significant cause of viral encephalitis in children globally.
  • Understanding EV71 receptors and host interactions is crucial for viral replication and tropism.
  • The molecular determinants of EV71 virulence and neurotropism remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular features of the EV71 genome contributing to virulence.
  • To explore the role of the EV71 capsid protein VP1 in neurotropism.
  • To identify potential targets for antiviral drug and vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of EV71 genome and capsid protein VP1.
  • Utilizing transgenic mouse models expressing EV71 receptors for infection studies.
  • Investigating host-virus interactions at the molecular level.

Main Results:

  • The EV71 capsid protein VP1 region is implicated as a potential contributor to virulence and neurotropism.
  • Transgenic mice expressing the EV71 receptor showed disease phenotypes similar to human infections upon viral exposure.
  • Key viral host interactions influencing EV71 pathogenesis are being delineated.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into EV71's molecular mechanisms is essential for effective intervention.
  • Identifying specific viral factors controlling neural tropism will advance understanding of EV71 pathogenesis.
  • Urgent development of antiviral drugs and vaccines is needed to combat EV71 epidemics.