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Examining the etiological associations among higher-order temperament dimensions
Nicholas P Allan1, Amy J Mikolajewski1, Christopher J Lonigan2
1Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States.
Journal of Research in Personality
|April 15, 2014
Summary
This study reveals shared and unique genetic and environmental factors influencing temperament dimensions like positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and effortful control (EC) in twins.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Genetics
- Developmental Psychology
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Temperament dimensions, including positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and effortful control (EC), are foundational to personality.
- Understanding the etiology of these dimensions is crucial for developmental and clinical psychology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the shared and unique genetic and environmental influences on PA, NA, and EC.
- To examine the covariance among these three temperament dimensions using a multivariate approach.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a multivariate independent pathway model.
- Analyzed data from 686 twin pairs (mean age = 10.07 years).
Main Results:
- Common genetic and nonshared environmental influences were observed across all three dimensions (PA, NA, EC).
- Shared environmental influences were common to NA and EC.
- Independent genetic influences were unique to PA and NA.
- Independent shared environmental influences were unique to PA.
Conclusions:
- Genetic and environmental factors contribute to both the covariance and independent variation of temperament dimensions.
- This highlights the complex interplay of nature and nurture in shaping early temperament.
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