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Terson syndrome and leukemia: a case report.

Umberto Lorenzi1, Elisa Buschini1, Antonio Fea1

  • 1Ophthalmic Section, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|April 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Terson syndrome, typically linked to intracranial bleeding, was observed in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia. This case highlights a rare association, presenting unique ophthalmoscopic findings in leukemia patients.

Keywords:
chronic myeloid leukemiaeye hemorrhageintracranial hemorrhageretinal disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Hematology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Terson syndrome involves intraocular hemorrhage secondary to intracranial bleeding or elevated intracranial pressure.
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has not been previously associated with Terson syndrome.
  • This report details a novel case of Terson syndrome in a patient with CML.

Observation:

  • A 45-year-old female with CML presented with Terson syndrome following intracranial bleeding.
  • Ophthalmic examinations revealed significant retinal and preretinal hemorrhages, fibrosis, and Roth spots.
  • Ocular ultrasonography excluded intraocular leukemic infiltration.

Findings:

  • The patient exhibited ophthalmoscopic features consistent with both CML and Terson syndrome.
  • Visual acuity was significantly impaired in both eyes, with the left eye more severely affected.
  • The clinical presentation remained stable over a 12-month follow-up period.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known clinical spectrum of Terson syndrome.
  • It suggests a potential, albeit rare, link between chronic myeloid leukemia and Terson syndrome.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms of this association.