Own experiences of endoscopic self-expandable stent placement for malignant colorectal ileus

Acute low neoplasm ileus requires emergency surgery. Nowadays there are increased numbers of patients with comorbidities, which causes higher risk of intra- and postoperative complications.

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of endoscopic self-expandable stent placement for malignant colorectal ileus.

Twenty-one patients (8 women and 13 men), mean age 66.7 years, with low neoplasm obstruction, underwent endoscopic stenting of the stricture. This procedure was performed as a bridge to the surgery especially for high-risk patients. Eight of them had coagulation system impairment, 5 severe metabolic disorders, 4 circulatory insufficiency, 3 severe malnutrition and 1 patient undiagnosed synchronic rectal tumor. In 10 patients cancer was located in the sigmoid colon, in 7 in the rectum, in 2 in the ascending colon, and the transverse and ascending colon was involved in another 2 patients.

All 21 patients (100%) underwent endoscopic stenting successfully. There were no complications after stent placement. The authors underline that placement of expandable metallic stents for patients with malignant colon obstruction with acute ileus is a safe and effective method. It gives an opportunity for quick balance of fluid, electrolyte, and the coagulation system and improvement of efficiency of the circulatory and respiratory system.

Endoscopic treatment of ileus helps precisely estimate tumor advancement and gives the possibility of a single stage radical surgical procedure.