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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Glass-Based Devices to Generate Drops and Emulsions

Glass-Based Devices to Generate Drops and Emulsions

Published on: April 5, 2022

Numerical simulations of electrostatically driven jets from nonviscous droplets.

M Garzon¹, L J Gray², J A Sethian³

¹Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Oviedo, Spain.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|April 16, 2014

Summary

This study numerically simulates perfectly conducting, nonviscous fluid drop evolution under electric fields. It details droplet breakup, jetting characteristics, and scaling laws for neutral and charged drops, comparing results with prior research.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Electromagnetohydrodynamics
Computational physics

Background:

Understanding fluid behavior under electric fields is crucial for applications like inkjet printing and microfluidics.
Previous models often struggle to accurately capture the complex dynamics of droplet breakup and jet formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To numerically investigate the evolution of perfectly conducting, nonviscous fluid drops subjected to uniform electric fields.
To develop and utilize an Eulerian potential flow model capable of simulating droplet breakup.
To analyze key parameters such as aspect ratio, progeny droplet size, and jetting characteristics.

Main Methods:

Employed level set techniques for an Eulerian potential flow model.
Utilized axisymmetric boundary integral calculations for fluid velocity and electric field forces.
Performed numerical simulations for neutral, charged, and free charged droplets.

Main Results:

Reported droplet aspect ratio evolution, progeny droplet size, Taylor cone angles, and jet shapes.
Determined self-similar scaling exponents for various droplet types.
Analyzed bursting frequency and jetting characteristics for free charged water droplets.

Conclusions:

The developed model accurately captures droplet evolution past breakup, including complex jetting phenomena.
Numerical results provide valuable data for validating experimental and simulation findings in electrospraying and related fields.
The study elucidates scaling laws governing charged droplet fragmentation under electric fields.