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Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis
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Rodent models for compulsive alcohol intake.

F Woodward Hopf1, Heidi M B Lesscher2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Room 490D, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
|April 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Rodent models are crucial for understanding alcohol use disorders by mimicking compulsive alcohol seeking despite negative consequences. These models help identify brain changes underlying addiction, aiding therapeutic development.

Keywords:
AccumbensAdaptationAddictionAlcoholAversionCentral amygdalaCircuitCompulsionCortexGlutamate receptorIntracellular signalingIon channelPunishmentStriatum

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are characterized by compulsive alcohol seeking and consumption despite severe negative consequences.
  • Developing effective clinical treatments for alcoholism is challenging due to the persistent, compulsive nature of the disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent rodent models designed to replicate compulsive alcohol and cocaine intake.
  • To discuss technical and conceptual challenges in modeling human addiction in preclinical settings.
  • To explore how these models can inform our understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of addiction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies utilizing rodent models to assess aversion-resistant alcohol intake.
  • Examination of models pairing alcohol consumption or seeking with aversive stimuli (e.g., quinine, footshock).
  • Analysis of neuroadaptations in brain regions like the amygdala, cortex, and striatum associated with compulsive intake.

Main Results:

  • Rodent models successfully simulate key aspects of compulsive drug use seen in human addiction.
  • Aversion-resistant alcohol intake models have identified specific neuroadaptations in key brain areas.
  • These models provide a platform for investigating the molecular and circuit mechanisms driving addiction.

Conclusions:

  • Rodent models are valuable tools for studying the compulsive drives that sustain addiction.
  • Research using these models offers critical insights into aversion-resistant intake.
  • These findings are expected to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions for addiction.