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Updated: May 1, 2026

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
Published on: November 28, 2018
Real-time simulation of transesophageal echocardiography
Sebastian Ullrich1, Jaques S Milner2, John Moore2
1SenseGraphics AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:
In this paper we describe an approach to interactively render ultrasound images for a transesophageal echocardiogram procedure. Our prototype features an animated 3D model of a human heart that is used to synthesize virtual ultrasound images in real-time. The user can control the probe and interact with the simulator via a GUI or with a haptics device. The ultrasound plane is rendered in a classical 2D view but can also be displayed in the context of the 3D heart model.
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