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Related Concept Videos

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Teratogenicity

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

3-D Imaging and Analysis of Neurons Infected In Vivo with Toxoplasma gondii
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3-D Imaging and Analysis of Neurons Infected In Vivo with Toxoplasma gondii

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Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy.

Shahnaz Akhtar Chaudhry, Nanette Gad, Gideon Koren

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |April 16, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Routine screening for congenital toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii infection) is not standard for most Canadians due to low prevalence, high costs, and test limitations. Screening is currently limited to specific regions with high infection rates.

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Parasitology
    • Public Health
    • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Congenital toxoplasmosis poses significant risks, including neurological and ocular damage.
    • Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy can lead to severe fetal anomalies.
    • Current Canadian public health policy does not include routine screening for Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the reasons behind the absence of routine screening for Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant Canadians.
    • To understand the factors influencing public health decisions regarding congenital toxoplasmosis screening.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of factors contributing to the lack of routine screening.
    • Review of prevalence data and cost-effectiveness of screening methods.

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  • Examination of test sensitivity, specificity, and treatment efficacy.

    • Main Results:

    • Low prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the general Canadian population is a primary deterrent.
    • High costs associated with widespread screening programs are a significant barrier.
    • Concerns regarding the sensitivity of screening tests and the effectiveness of treatments limit widespread adoption.
    • False-positive results from screening tests can lead to unnecessary anxiety and further medical interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • The decision against routine screening for Toxoplasma gondii in Canada is multifactorial, balancing potential benefits against costs and limitations.
    • Targeted screening remains the approach in regions with demonstrably high infection prevalence, such as northern Quebec.
    • Further research into more cost-effective and accurate screening methods may influence future policy decisions.