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Aptamer-based biosensors for biomedical diagnostics.

Wenhu Zhou1, Po-Jung Jimmy Huang, Jinsong Ding

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Aptamer-based biosensors show promise for biomedical diagnosis but require further development. This review highlights strategies and detection methods for practical applications in complex biological samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biosensor Development
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Aptamers are nucleic acid molecules selected for specific target binding.
  • SELEX is the primary method for aptamer discovery.
  • Aptamers offer advantages like modification and predictable structures for biosensor applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress in aptamer-based biosensors for practical biomedical applications.
  • To summarize sensing strategies and detection methods suitable for complex biological samples.
  • To identify current limitations and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Summarized general aptamer sensing strategies.
  • Reviewed various signaling and detection methods (e.g., fluorescence lifetime, flow cytometry, MRI, electronic sensors, lateral flow devices).
  • Discussed challenges and future research avenues.

Main Results:

  • Aptamer technology has significant potential for biosensing.
  • Specific detection methods show promise for complex matrices.
  • Key challenges include aptamer quality for clinical targets and validation in real samples.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer biosensors are advancing but require more high-quality aptamers for clinical targets.
  • Extensive testing in clinical samples is crucial for reliability and accuracy.
  • Future research should focus on overcoming these limitations for diagnostic applications.