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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

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Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
11.0K
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

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The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
1.1K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
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International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure

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Pneumothorax.

Won-Il Choi1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
|April 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This review compares British Thoracic Society and American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for managing spontaneous and iatrogenic pneumothorax. Management varies, particularly for initial interventions, but both recommend surgery for recurrent cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Pneumothorax, spontaneous or iatrogenic, is a common pulmonary condition.
  • Secondary pneumothorax arises from underlying lung disease, unlike spontaneous pneumothorax in healthy individuals.
  • Current management guidelines exist from the British Thoracic Society (BTS) and the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare diagnostic and management recommendations for pneumothorax between BTS and ACCP guidelines.
  • To highlight differences in intervention strategies for spontaneous and iatrogenic pneumothorax.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative review of BTS (2010) and ACCP (2001) guidelines for pneumothorax management.
  • Analysis of recommendations for observation, oxygen therapy, aspiration, chest tube insertion, surgery, and pleurodesis.
Keywords:
Plmonary Bullae Causing PneumothoraxPneumothoraxPneumothorax, Primary Spontaneous

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Main Results:

  • Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) management may involve observation for small, asymptomatic cases.
  • BTS recommends simple aspiration for spontaneous and some secondary pneumothorax, while ACCP favors chest tube insertion.
  • Both societies recommend surgery for recurrent pneumothorax and persistent air leak; pleurodesis is an alternative for non-surgical candidates.
  • Iatrogenic pneumothorax treatment mirrors PSP, excluding recurrence as a factor.

Conclusions:

  • Discrepancies exist between BTS and ACCP guidelines, particularly regarding initial intervention for pneumothorax.
  • Both guidelines offer surgical and non-surgical options for recurrent pneumothorax and persistent air leak.
  • Understanding guideline variations is crucial for optimal pneumothorax patient care.