Dorzolamide cyclodextrin nanoparticle suspension eye drops and Trusopt in rabbit

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Nanotechnology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Glaucoma management often involves medications to reduce intraocular pressure.
• Dorzolamide is a commonly used carbonic anhydrase inhibitor for lowering intraocular pressure.
• Novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, aim to improve drug efficacy and duration of action.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the local ocular toxicity and irritation potential of dorzolamide nanoparticle gamma-cyclodextrin eye drops.
• To compare the safety profile of these novel nanoparticle eye drops with a standard dorzolamide formulation (Trusopt®).

Main Methods:

• A prospective in vivo study using a rabbit model.
• Groups of rabbits received daily or twice-daily administration of dorzolamide nanoparticle gamma-cyclodextrin eye drops, thrice-daily Trusopt®, or no treatment.
• Ocular and Harderian gland tissues were evaluated for histopathological signs of inflammation and toxicity after one month of treatment.

Main Results:

• No statistically significant difference in ocular or Harderian gland inflammation was observed between the nanoparticle eye drops, Trusopt®, and control groups.
• Mild inflammation was present in a similar proportion of eyes and glands across all treatment groups.
• A single instance of acute inflammation was noted in a Harderian gland treated with nanoparticle eye drops twice daily.

Conclusions:

• Dorzolamide gamma-cyclodextrin nanoparticle eye drops demonstrate a comparable local safety profile to conventional dorzolamide hydrochloride eye drops (Trusopt®).
• The nanoparticle formulation does not appear to introduce additional ocular irritation or toxicity.
• These findings support the potential use of dorzolamide nanoparticle eye drops for intraocular pressure management.