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Second language phonology influences first language word naming.

Kalinka Timmer1, Lesya Y Ganushchak2, Ilse Ceusters3

  • 1Leiden University Centre for Linguistics (LUCL), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada.

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Summary

Second language phonology is rapidly activated during first language reading, influencing reading aloud. This study reveals cross-linguistic priming effects in bilinguals, showing phonological activation even when orthography differs.

Keywords:
Cross-linguistic primingGrapheme-to-phoneme conversionMasked onset priming effectModels of reading aloudReading aloud

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Bilingualism Research

Background:

  • The Masked Onset Priming Effect (MOPE) is established in first language (L1) reading.
  • Understanding cross-linguistic interactions in bilinguals is crucial for language processing models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if second language (L2) phonology is active during L1 reading.
  • To differentiate the roles of orthography and phonology in bilingual reading aloud.
  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of cross-linguistic priming.

Main Methods:

  • Dutch-English bilinguals participated in a reading aloud task.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) recorded brain activity during word presentation.
  • Stimuli manipulated orthographic and phonological overlap between L1 target words and L2 primes.

Main Results:

  • Behaviorally, phonological overlap (but not orthographic) facilitated reaction times (RTs).
  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) indicated both orthographic and phonological priming effects emerged rapidly (125 ms post-stimulus).
  • L2 phonological activation was observed during L1 reading.

Conclusions:

  • Second language phonology is quickly activated in an L1 reading context.
  • Cross-linguistic priming involves rapid, interacting orthographic and phonological processes.
  • Findings provide insights into the time course of bilingual language processing.