Knowledge and the child's developing theory of the world

In this article, I have presented a brief history of research directed toward examining the developing ability of children to comprehend and produce metaphor that occurs with increasing age. I argued that the child's ability in this area does not rest upon developing an ability specific to metaphor, but, instead, metaphor comprehension and production, not unlike other forms of cognition, rests upon a developing theory of the world founded upon an expanding knowledge base. Given that knowledge is central to the child's cognitive development, I turned to an examination of the nature of knowledge. The discussion of knowledge drawn from philosophers who have attempted to propose theories of knowledge in answer to the question, "What is knowledge?" Traditional justificationalist theories of knowledge and subsequently developed nonjustificationalist theories were considered. The discussion was focused upon a number of issues which have divided philosophers with respect to their treatment of knowledge in order to highlight the problematic nature of knowledge. Cognitive and developmental psychologists may wish to consider some of these issues and the implications they hold for their theories as they study knowledge and/or invoke knowledge as a part of their theory construction. Some of the implications of the issues were illustrated in a discussion of the relation of knowledge to the developing child's comprehension and production of metaphor.