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Related Concept Videos

Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

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Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
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Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete01:28

Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete

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Non-structural cracks are primarily of three types: plastic, early-age thermal, and drying shrinkage cracks. Plastic cracks are further classified into plastic shrinkage cracks and plastic settlement cracks.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
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Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls01:19

Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls

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Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
To...
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Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete01:16

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Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
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Creep in Concrete01:22

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Creep refers to the time-dependent increase in strain under a sustained load, excluding other time-dependent deformations associated with shrinkage, swelling, and thermal expansion in concrete. The primary mechanism behind creep involves the loss of physically adsorbed water from the calcium silicate hydrate within the hydrated cement paste. This process is further exacerbated by concrete's non-linear stress-strain relationship, microcrack development in the interfacial transition zone, and...
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Frost Action on Concrete01:27

Frost Action on Concrete

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Concrete structures in cold climates, such as those along roadsides, can retain moisture. This moisture makes them susceptible to frost-related damage when temperatures fall below freezing. Adding moisture worsens the damage during temperature fluctuations, leading to repeated freezing and thawing. De-icing salts, spread over these structures to melt ice, add to the freeze-thaw cycle, and draw even more moisture into the concrete.
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Research progress on expansive soil cracks under changing environment.

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Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation
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Expansive soil crack depth under cumulative damage.

Bei-xiao Shi1, Sheng-shui Chen2, Hua-qiang Han2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China ; Geotechnical Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, China ; College of Resource, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei University, Handan 056038, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Expansive soil cracks deepen due to dry-wet cycles and water loss, impacting slope stability. A new model predicts crack depth using water loss rate and cumulative damage, avoiding complex suction measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Soil Mechanics
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Crack development depth is critical for expansive soil slope stability and project management.
  • Cracks form and deepen under the influence of dry-wet cycles.
  • Expansive soils deform without cracking until tensile strain limits are exceeded.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a crack depth calculation model for expansive soils.
  • To incorporate the effects of water loss rate and dry-wet cycles on crack development.
  • To address challenges in measuring matrix suction in unsaturated expansive soils.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of volumetric strain caused by water loss.
  • Consideration of water loss rate and dry-wet cycles.
  • Application of cumulative damage theory.

Main Results:

  • A crack depth calculation model was established.
  • The model accounts for water loss rate and cumulative damages.
  • The approach bypasses the need for direct matrix suction measurement.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model offers a practical method for predicting expansive soil crack depth.
  • This research advances the understanding and management of unsaturated expansive soil behavior.
  • The findings are valuable for slope stability assessments and infrastructure projects.