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Related Concept Videos

Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

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Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Pigmentation01:19

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

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The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Skin dimples.

Ajay Kumar1, Rajesh K Kanojia, Arvind Saili

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, 110001, India.

International Journal of Dermatology
|April 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skin dimples in children can indicate genetic or metabolic issues. A new location-based algorithm helps diagnose these conditions, focusing on medically significant dimples like sacral dimples.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Skin dimples are common in children and can have cosmetic or clinical significance.
  • Certain dimples may indicate underlying genetic or metabolic disorders.
  • Sacral dimples, in particular, are associated with spinal abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a simplified, location-based algorithmic approach for diagnosing the causes of skin dimples.
  • To highlight the clinical significance of medically important dimples, especially sacral dimples.
  • To discuss a cost-effective diagnostic imaging strategy for associated conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a location-based diagnostic algorithm for skin dimples.
  • Review of clinical significance and associations of various types of skin dimples.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic imaging strategies for suspected underlying conditions.

Main Results:

  • The proposed algorithm simplifies the diagnostic process for skin dimples.
  • Medically significant dimples, like sacral dimples, warrant further investigation.
  • A cost-effective imaging approach can be employed for diagnosing conditions like occult spinal dysraphism.

Conclusions:

  • Skin dimples can be valuable diagnostic clues for underlying pediatric conditions.
  • A systematic, location-based approach aids in identifying children requiring further medical evaluation.
  • Early and cost-effective diagnosis of associated conditions is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.