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Cross-talk between probiotic lactobacilli and host immune system.

T S Kemgang1, S Kapila, V P Shanmugam

  • 1Department of Animal Biochemistry, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India; Department of Food Science/Nutrition, National School of AgroIndustrial Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Adamaoua, Cameroon.

Journal of Applied Microbiology
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Summary

Probiotic lactobacilli interact with the host immune system in a strain-specific manner. This review details their communication with mucosal and systemic immunity, pathogen competition, and antigen delivery capabilities.

Keywords:
lactobacillimechanismmucosal immune systemprobioticssystemic immune system

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Probiotic lactobacilli are widely studied for their health benefits.
  • The immune system is a complex, multi-component network.
  • Understanding probiotic-host interactions is crucial for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the strain-specific interactions between probiotic lactobacilli and the host immune system.
  • To highlight the mechanisms of bacterial-host cross-talk at mucosal and systemic levels.
  • To discuss the role of lactobacilli in pathogen competition and antigen delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on probiotic lactobacilli and immune modulation.
  • Analysis of research focusing on mucosal and systemic immune responses.
  • Examination of data on competitive exclusion of pathogens and use as delivery vehicles.

Main Results:

  • Probiotic lactobacilli modulate the immune system through strain-dependent mechanisms.
  • Specific lactobacilli strains engage in distinct cross-talk with mucosal and systemic immunity.
  • Lactobacilli demonstrate efficacy in competing with pathogenic bacteria and serving as antigen carriers.

Conclusions:

  • The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics are highly strain-specific.
  • Lactobacilli offer diverse strategies for interacting with and influencing the host immune system.
  • Further research into strain-specific mechanisms can optimize probiotic applications in health and disease.