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Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials
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Carrier multiplication in graphene under Landau quantization.

Florian Wendler1, Andreas Knorr1, Ermin Malic1

  • 1Institute of Theoretical Physics, Nonlinear Optics and Quantum Electronics, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, Berlin 10623, Germany.

Nature Communications
|April 18, 2014
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Carrier multiplication in graphene generates multiple electron-hole pairs, boosting photovoltaic efficiency. Landau quantization introduces a tunable bandgap, enhancing this effect and enabling charge carrier extraction.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Carrier multiplication (CM) generates multiple electron-hole pairs, a process with potential for enhancing photovoltaic device efficiency.
  • While CM is predicted and observed in graphene, challenges like the absence of a bandgap and carrier recombination hinder practical application.
  • Extracting generated charge carriers in graphene remains difficult due to its unique electronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel strategy for enhancing and controlling carrier multiplication in graphene.
  • To explore the use of Landau quantization to introduce a tunable bandgap in graphene for improved charge carrier generation and extraction.
  • To demonstrate significant carrier multiplication in graphene under Landau quantization using theoretical calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic calculations employing the density matrix formalism.
  • Theoretical modeling of graphene under Landau quantization conditions.
  • Analysis of carrier multiplication dynamics influenced by external parameters.

Main Results:

  • Significant carrier multiplication observed in graphene under Landau quantization.
  • Demonstrated high tunability of carrier multiplication by adjusting pump fluence, temperature, and magnetic field strength.
  • Landau quantization provides a mechanism for a tunable bandgap, facilitating carrier extraction.

Conclusions:

  • Landau quantization offers a promising pathway to harness carrier multiplication in graphene for photovoltaic applications.
  • The tunability of the effect allows for optimization of carrier generation and extraction.
  • This approach addresses key challenges in utilizing graphene's unique properties for advanced optoelectronic devices.