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Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.

Inka Vanwonterghem1, Paul D Jensen2, Paul G Dennis3

  • 11] Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia [2] Australian Centre for Ecogenomics (ACE), School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.

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Deterministic processes, not just random chance, shape microbial communities in anaerobic digestion. This study shows predictable shifts in microbial populations linked to stable system performance over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Anaerobic digestion (AD) relies on complex microbial networks for stability.
  • Understanding microbial community assembly is key to optimizing AD processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of niche and neutral theory in microbial community assembly during AD.
  • To correlate microbial community dynamics with the performance of anaerobic digesters.

Main Methods:

  • A long-term replicate experiment using anaerobic digesters with a model substrate (α-cellulose).
  • Operation for 362 days under controlled mesophilic conditions and a 10-day hydraulic residence time.
  • Monitoring of microbial community composition and reactor performance.

Main Results:

  • Reproducible, significant changes in microbial community composition were observed.
  • Decreased richness occurred initially, followed by synchronized population dynamics.
  • Specific phylotypes (Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Methanosaeta) emerged predictably, correlating with stable reactor performance.

Conclusions:

  • Deterministic processes appear to play a significant role in microbial community assembly during AD.
  • Predictable community structural and functional changes can occur under controlled conditions.
  • Niche theory may be more influential than neutral theory in this model system.