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Updated: May 1, 2026

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
Published on: October 3, 2025
Revitalizing personalized medicine: respecting biomolecular complexities beyond gene expression
D Jayachandran1, U Ramkrishna2, J Skiles3
1School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indianapolis, USA.
Personalized medicine advances are hindered by fragmented gene expression tools. Emerging predictive technologies offer decision support for physicians to tailor treatments effectively.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Biotechnology
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Personalized medicine aims to tailor treatments to individual patients.
- Advancements in "omic" technologies offer potential for personalized treatment strategies.
- Current applications of gene expression tools are often isolated and incomplete, limiting personalized medicine's potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify key challenges impeding the progress of personalized medicine.
- To highlight novel predictive tools that can aid physicians in treatment personalization.
- To differentiate pharmacogenomics from the broader concept of personalized medicine.
Main Methods:
- Review of current "omic" technologies and their application in clinical settings.
- Analysis of limitations in gene expression tool integration.
- Identification and evaluation of emerging predictive decision support systems.
Main Results:
- "Omic" technologies are underutilized due to fragmented implementation.
- Pharmacogenomics is often mistakenly equated with personalized medicine.
- Several emerging predictive tools show promise for clinical decision support.
Conclusions:
- Addressing the isolated application of gene expression tools is crucial for advancing personalized medicine.
- Emerging predictive technologies can empower physicians to personalize patient treatments.
- A comprehensive approach integrating various "omic" data is necessary for realizing personalized medicine's full potential.
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