[Invasive candidiasis in newborns: diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis]

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Medicine
• Infectious Diseases
• Critical Care Pediatrics

Background:

• Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a growing concern in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
• Invasive candidiasis (IC) significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality, particularly in premature infants.
• Effective management strategies for neonatal IC are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and propose actionable recommendations for the management of invasive candidiasis (IC) in newborn infants.
• To provide guidance on monitoring, prevention, treatment, and follow-up of IC in the NICU setting.
• To address the increasing incidence of IFIs in vulnerable neonatal populations.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of current guidelines and research on neonatal invasive candidiasis.
• Analysis of epidemiological data on IC incidence and outcomes in NICU populations.
• Synthesis of evidence-based practices for antifungal therapy and infection control.

Main Results:

• Identification of high-risk factors for IC development in preterm neonates.
• Evaluation of diagnostic challenges and optimal monitoring approaches for early detection.
• Assessment of current treatment protocols and emerging therapeutic options for Candida infections.
• Review of preventative measures, including antifungal prophylaxis and hygiene practices.

Conclusions:

• Standardized protocols for monitoring, prevention, and treatment are essential for reducing IC burden in NICUs.
• Early diagnosis and prompt, appropriate antifungal therapy are critical for improving outcomes in neonates with IC.
• Multidisciplinary collaboration is key to implementing effective IC management strategies in neonatal care.