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Updated: May 1, 2026

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

Morphing hydrogel patterns by thermo-reversible fluorescence switching.

Erhan Bat¹, En-Wei Lin, Sina Saxer

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications

|April 18, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created smart surfaces with reversible fluorescence that changes with temperature. These thermoresponsive polymer surfaces switch fluorescence on and off, offering potential for advanced optical materials.

Keywords:

electron beam lithography fluorescence oligo(ethylene glycol)stimuli-responsive surfaces thermo-responsive polymers

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Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Chemistry
Surface Science

Background:

Stimuli-responsive materials offer dynamic functionalities.
Thermoresponsive polymers exhibit reversible changes in physical properties with temperature fluctuations.
Fluorescence-based sensing requires controlled modulation of light emission.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate stimuli-responsive surfaces with reversible fluorescence switching.
To investigate the temperature-dependent fluorescence behavior of hydrogel thin films.
To develop morphing surfaces with shape-changing capabilities.

Main Methods:

Preparation of oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate thermoresponsive polymers via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP).
Patterning of polymers on silicon surfaces using electron beam (e-beam) lithography.
Conjugation of self-quenching fluorophores to polymer chains and characterization of fluorescence switching and swelling-collapse behavior using atomic force microscopy.

Main Results:

Fabricated surfaces demonstrated reversible fluorescence switching in response to temperature changes.
Hydrogel thin films exhibited bright fluorescence when swollen and attenuated fluorescence upon temperature-induced collapse.
Fluorescence recovery was observed upon cooling, with stable switching over ten cycles.
Patterning multiple stimuli-responsive polymers resulted in surfaces capable of multiple shape changes with temperature increases.

Conclusions:

Developed thermoresponsive polymer surfaces with tunable, reversible fluorescence switching.
Demonstrated the potential for creating dynamic, shape-morphing surfaces for advanced applications.
Validated the use of self-quenching fluorophores and hydrogel collapse for fluorescence modulation.