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Related Concept Videos

The Physiology of Taste01:24

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The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
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Psychophysical Tracking Method to Measure Taste Preferences in Children and Adults
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Artificial sweeteners - a review.

Sanchari Chattopadhyay1, Utpal Raychaudhuri1, Runu Chakraborty1

  • 1Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032 India.

Journal of Food Science and Technology
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PubMed
Summary

Sugar-free foods use artificial sweeteners with debated health effects. Rare sugars offer a safe, natural alternative but face production limitations, despite high demand for healthier sweetening options.

Keywords:
D-alloseD-psicoseLow calorie sweetenerSteviaSugar alcohols

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Area of Science:

  • Food science and technology
  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic health

Background:

  • Sugar-free foods are popular due to lower calorie content.
  • Artificial sweeteners approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration include aspartame, acesulfame-K, neotame, cyclamate, and alitame.
  • Breakdown products of artificial sweeteners have controversial health and metabolic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the health and metabolic effects of artificial sweeteners versus rare sugars.
  • To highlight the benefits of rare sugars as a safe sweetening alternative.
  • To address the production challenges of rare sugars.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on artificial sweeteners and rare sugars.
  • Analysis of metabolic pathways and health implications.
  • Evaluation of current rare sugar production methods.

Main Results:

  • Artificial sweeteners have approved acceptable daily intake (ADI) values, but their breakdown products raise health concerns.
  • Rare sugars, a type of monosaccharide, are not metabolized by the body and have no known adverse health effects.
  • Rare sugars possess similar taste and bulk properties to sugar.
  • Rare sugars do not have an ADI value.

Conclusions:

  • Rare sugars represent a safe and metabolically inert alternative to sugar and artificial sweeteners.
  • Current production methods, primarily using bioreactors, limit the availability of rare sugars despite high demand.
  • Further research and development in rare sugar production are needed to meet market demand.