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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Gynecologic Cancer

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Gynecologic Cancer

Published on: April 17, 2012

[Gynecologic cancer].

Toru Sugiyama¹, Satoshi Takeuchi, Tomoyuki Fukagawa

¹Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy

|April 19, 2014

Summary

Bevacizumab improves progression-free survival in advanced ovarian cancer and overall survival in cervical cancer. This targeted therapy offers a new treatment option for gynecologic cancers.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Gynecologic Oncology

Context:

Angiogenesis is crucial for tumor growth, involving upregulation of factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulation of antiangiogenic factors.
Angiogenesis is implicated in the development and progression of ovarian and cervical cancers.

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy of bevacizumab, an anti-angiogenic agent, in combination with chemotherapy for advanced and recurrent gynecologic malignancies.

Summary:

Phase III trials demonstrated that adding bevacizumab to chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced ovarian cancer.
Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival (OS) in patients with stage IVB, recurrent, or persistent cervical carcinoma, without negatively impacting quality of life (QOL).

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Assessment of Ovarian Cancer Spheroid Attachment and Invasion of Mesothelial Cells in Real Time

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Last Updated: May 1, 2026

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Assessment of Ovarian Cancer Spheroid Attachment and Invasion of Mesothelial Cells in Real Time

Assessment of Ovarian Cancer Spheroid Attachment and Invasion of Mesothelial Cells in Real Time

Published on: May 20, 2014

These findings led to the approval of bevacizumab for ovarian cancer treatment in Japan and Europe.

Impact:

Bevacizumab represents the first targeted therapy to demonstrate an improvement in overall survival (OS) for gynecologic cancers.
The results support bevacizumab as a valuable treatment option, particularly in advanced and recurrent settings for ovarian and cervical cancers.
This research highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting angiogenesis in gynecologic oncology.