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Related Experiment Videos

Cell surface antigen CD5 is a marker for activated human B cells.

C Werner-Favre1, T L Vischer, D Wohlwend

  • 1Division of Hematology, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.

European Journal of Immunology
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

CD5+ B cells, often linked to autoimmune diseases, may not be a distinct lineage but rather an activation marker. Research shows CD5 expression increases on B cells upon activation, suggesting a role in autoimmune responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • CD5+ B cells are a minor subset implicated in autoimmune responses.
  • Previous observations suggested CD5+ B cells might represent a distinct lineage due to self-renewal and stable phenotype during activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether CD5 is a lineage marker or an activation marker on B cells.
  • To determine the frequency of rheumatoid factor-producing B cells in CD5+ versus CD5- populations.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of CD5- B cells using a cell sorter.
  • In vitro stimulation of B cells with mutagenized EL4 thymoma cells and T cell supernatant.
  • Flow cytometry analysis to detect CD5 expression and rheumatoid factor production.

Main Results:

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  • Approximately 70% of stimulated B cells expressed CD5 after 3 days, indicating CD5 acts as an activation marker.
  • CD5+ B cells showed a threefold higher frequency of rheumatoid factor production compared to CD5- B cells.
  • Ex vivo analysis of human peripheral blood B cells revealed higher rheumatoid factor production in the CD5+ subset.

Conclusions:

  • The CD5 antigen functions as a B cell activation marker rather than defining a separate lineage.
  • Autoreactive B cells, particularly those producing rheumatoid factor, are frequently found within the activated CD5+ B cell population.
  • These findings suggest that CD5 expression on B cells may reflect in vivo activation of autoreactive cells, contributing to autoimmune responses.