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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium

Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. Stratified epithelium is named after the shape of the most apical layer of cells. Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type found in the human body. In this tissue, the apical cells are squamous, whereas the basal layer contains either columnar or cuboidal cells. The basal cells divide to form new daughter cells, which gradually become...

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview

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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...

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Epithelial phenotype in total sclerocornea.

David Hui-Kang Ma¹, Lung-Kung Yeh², Hung-Chi Chen²

¹Limbal Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Molecular Vision

|April 19, 2014

Summary

The epithelial cells in total sclerocornea are primarily corneal in origin. However, conjunctival epithelium invasion can occur with significant corneal neovascularization.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Corneal Diseases
Histopathology

Background:

Total sclerocornea is a rare congenital condition characterized by opacification of the cornea.
Understanding the cellular origin of the corneal epithelium in sclerocornea is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if the epithelial phenotype in total sclerocornea originates from corneal or conjunctival tissue.

Main Methods:

Analysis of corneal buttons from four patients with total sclerocornea who underwent penetrating keratoplasty.
Utilized transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunoconfocal microscopy.
Examined expression of cytokeratins (3, 12, 13), stem cell markers (p63, ABCG2), and extracellular matrix proteins (laminin-5, fibronectin).

Main Results:

TEM revealed attenuated Bowman's layer and disorganized collagen fibrils in sclerocorneas.
Immunoconfocal microscopy showed expression of cornea-specific keratin 3 and keratin 12 in most patients.
Absence of stem cell markers (p63, ABCG2) and conjunctival marker MUC5AC was noted, except for a unique keratin 12/13 expression pattern in one patient.

Conclusions:

The corneal epithelium in total sclerocornea predominantly exhibits a corneal phenotype.
Conjunctival epithelial invasion is a possibility in cases with extensive corneal angiogenesis.