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Histamine-releasing activity of endogenous peptides on mast cells derived from different sites and species
M Arock1, P Devillier, G Luffau
1Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, CHU Cochin, Paris.
Abstract:
We have examined the cytological and functional characteristics of mast cells grown in tissue culture from the bone marrow of mice and rats and compared them with mast cells isolated from the peritoneal cavity of these animals. In both species, bone marrow-derived mast cells (considered to be a model of mucosal mast cells) have fewer cytoplasmic granules and lower histamine content than peritoneal mast cells. Sprague-Dawley rat peritoneal mast cells were responsive to various endogenous peptides and to compound 48/80. However, peritoneal mast cells isolated from BDF1 mice (a strain widely used to obtain bone marrow-derived mast cells) were not responsive to the same secretagogues. Rat and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats and BDFI1 mice were also hyporesponsive to calcium ionophore as compared to peritoneal mast cells and unresponsive to compound 48/80 and peptides. Despite the similarity of the functional characteristics of mouse and rat bone marrow-derived mast cells, mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells could not be used as a model of responsiveness to peptides for rat mucosal mast cells because of the differences in responsiveness between the peritoneal mast cells in the two species. Obtention of homogeneous rat bone marrow-derived mast cells may provide a useful tool to study the functional heterogeneity in an intraspecies system since most of our knowledge on mast cell physiology and pharmacology is derived from studies on rat peritoneal mast cells.
Insights
Bone marrow-derived mast cells exhibit fewer granules and lower histamine than peritoneal mast cells. Mouse mast cells are not ideal models for rat mucosal mast cell peptide responsiveness due to species-specific differences.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Mast cells are crucial immune cells involved in allergic responses and inflammation.
- Mast cells exist in distinct phenotypes, such as mucosal and connective tissue mast cells, with differing characteristics.
- Bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) are often used as a model for mucosal mast cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the cytological and functional properties of BMMCs with peritoneal mast cells (PMCs) in mice and rats.
- To evaluate the utility of mouse BMMCs as a model for rat mucosal mast cells.
Main Methods:
- Culturing mast cells from mouse and rat bone marrow.
- Isolating mast cells from the peritoneal cavity of mice and rats.
- Assessing mast cell degranulation and histamine content.
- Testing responsiveness to secretagogues like compound 48/80, peptides, and calcium ionophore.
Main Results:
- BMMCs from both species had fewer granules and lower histamine content than PMCs.
- Rat PMCs responded to peptides and compound 48/80, while mouse PMCs did not.
- BMMCs from both species were hyporesponsive to calcium ionophore and unresponsive to peptides and compound 48/80 compared to PMCs.
- Mouse BMMCs are not suitable models for studying rat mucosal mast cell peptide responsiveness.
Conclusions:
- Significant functional differences exist between BMMCs and PMCs, and between species.
- Mouse BMMCs do not accurately reflect the peptide responsiveness of rat mucosal mast cells.
- Homogeneous rat BMMCs could be valuable for studying intraspecies mast cell heterogeneity.