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Related Concept Videos

Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection01:30

Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection

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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
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The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
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Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Radiation and Filtration01:26

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Radiation and filtration are essential tools for microbial control, targeting microorganisms through distinct mechanisms. Radiation eliminates microbes by damaging their DNA, either killing them or inhibiting their growth. Based on wavelength, radiation is classified into two types: nonionizing and ionizing radiation.Non-ionizing radiation, such as UV radiation (200–400 nm), is absorbed by DNA, causing defects that effectively disinfect surfaces, air, and water, including safety cabinets.
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Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
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Methods of Sterilization I: Physical Methods01:29

Methods of Sterilization I: Physical Methods

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As used in a healthcare facility, sterilization destroys all microorganisms through physical or chemical methods. The physical method includes steam, dry heat, boiling water, and radiation.
Steam sterilization uses non-toxic, low-cost moist heat in the form of saturated steam under pressure, which is fast, microbicidal, and sporicidal, and quickly warms and penetrates fabrics. Autoclaves, or steam sterilizers, expose each item to direct steam contact for a predetermined time at the necessary...
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Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods01:30

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In healthcare, the chemical method of sterilization uses chemical sterilants to treat surgical instruments and medical supplies to help prevent the transmission of infectious pathogens to patients. Due to heat sensitivity, most medical supplies and equipment should not be exposed to high temperatures. These parts include rubber, plastic, glass, and other similar elements.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Organic Peroxyacids for Eradicating Dairy Biofilms Using an Approach Combining Static and Dynamic Methods
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Disinfecting the iPad: evaluating effective methods.

V Howell1, A Thoppil1, M Mariyaselvam1

  • 1The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn, Norfolk, UK.

The Journal of Hospital Infection
|April 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sani-Cloth CHG 2% wipes effectively disinfect Apple iPads against common healthcare pathogens like MRSA and VRE, offering a residual antimicrobial effect without damaging the device. This method ensures safer clinical use of tablets.

Keywords:
ChlorhexidineDecontaminationPersonal digital assistant (PDA)Tablet computeriPad

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Determining Viral Disinfection Efficacy of Hot Water Laundering
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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare-associated infections
  • Infection control
  • Medical device disinfection

Background:

  • Tablet computers are prevalent in healthcare settings.
  • Potential for tablet computers to harbor nosocomial pathogens.
  • Limited data on effective iPad cleaning protocols for clinical use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the most effective iPad decontamination method.
  • To assess if disinfection methods cause iPad damage.
  • To establish the duration of residual antimicrobial effects.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory assessment of six disinfectant wipes against MRSA, VRE, and C. difficile on iPads.
  • Evaluation of residual antimicrobial activity post-cleaning.
  • Functional and visual analysis of iPads after 480 disinfection cycles with Sani-Cloth CHG 2%.

Main Results:

  • Sani-Cloth CHG 2% and Clorox wipes were superior to plain cloth for MRSA and VRE disinfection.
  • Significant residual antimicrobial effect observed for over 6 hours after Sani-Cloth CHG 2% application.
  • No functional or visual damage to iPads after repeated Sani-Cloth CHG 2% use.

Conclusions:

  • Sani-Cloth CHG 2% wipes provide effective iPad disinfection against MRSA and VRE.
  • A lasting antibacterial effect was demonstrated.
  • The disinfection method is safe for iPad hardware.